Taylor and Francis Group2026-02-122026-02-122026978- 1- 003- 51242- 4http://bibliovirtual.umar.mx:4000/handle/123456789/1797The persistent Israel– Palestine conflict has significantly altered both geopolitical and economic conditions throughout the region. The tensions between Israel and Palestine have deeply affected governance frameworks and global trade systems, while altering the entire regional dynamics beyond their direct humanitarian effects. This issue transcends regional boundaries and affects international relationships while also threatening global security and economic systems. The Israeli– Palestinian conflict stands as the Middle East’s most intricate and durable issue because of its profound historical foundations and political and social complexities. The Israeli– Palestinian conflict has drawn extensive academic inquiry from scholars across multiple fields who strive to decipher its foundational causes and evolving dynamics. The origins of the conflict date back to the early 20th century as the British Mandate of Palestine was formed after the Ottoman Empire fell. The arrival of Jewish immigrants along with Zionist expansion and Palestinian displacement resulted in rising tensions that brought about the creation of Israel in 1948. The conflict has transformed into a complex geopolitical dispute involving contested territorial claims as well as disputes over natural resources and national self- determination rights. Researchers have examined the psychological aspects of the conflict. The dispute has provoked profound distrust and polarization between both parties which pushed each side toward more extreme positions (Sharvit et al., 2012). These developments have resulted in growing challenges to achieve a mutual understanding and establish a lasting solution (Sharvit et al., 2012). Both social and political consensus fragmentation and endemic violence risk stand out as critical factors that have sustained the conflict over the years.enIsrael– PalestineGeoeconomiaGeopolíticaBook